Valved piston well pump



00L 28, 1952 H. B. FUQUA E'rAL.

vALvED PIsToN WELL PUMP Filed May 10, 1949 INVENTORS H. B. F'UQ R. H. COVE n ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 28, 1952 vALvED PrsroN WELL PUMP Homer B. Fuqua and Roy H." Covert,v

Tucumcari, N. Mex.

Application May 10, 1949, Serial No. 92,466

" (Cl. 10s-179)v i 'v claims. l l 'This invention relates to'uid distributing apparatus and more particularly to that used as a '4 well cylinder including structure for the pumping of water. .A

In devices of this general type heretofore in use the pump VhasusuallyA been constructed to operate on the suction principle although some have operated on the principle of the present inv vention vwhichinvolves positioning a portion of the Iwell cylinder below the water level and rais'- ing segments of the fluid body by means of a valved plunger. In reciprocating pumps of this type in which a plunger or the like 'moves within asurrounding casing aleather cu-p or diaphragm has usually been provided to insure a seal between the edges of the plunger and thecasing in order y to maintain the suction and prevent the leakage of Athe water vbeing raised back to a lower level.

While this has generally operated satisfactorily the Aleather or similar material oftentimes has become imbedded with grit or sand which' has reduced its efciency as a, seal andproduced additional wear on the surfaces which it contacted 'such as the cylinder or casing wall. This has made the frequent replacement `of the cupleathers necessary with the attendant expense and loss of use of the device, in addition to that of the replacement of worn parts. l

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a well casing construction for pumping water in which the disadvantages set forth above are overcome.

A further object of the invention isr the provision of a well casing Construction for pumping water in which means is provided for maintain-v ingy a seal between the plunger and lcylinder which doesr not necessitate the use of cup leathers and the like.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a well cylinderpump construction which vis relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, durable, and which is not subjected to unreasonable wear duringfordinary usage as a rerFurther objects and advantages of the inventionwill be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a verticalsection through a device -sult of foreign matter adhering to anyvof the l `movable parts.

constructed in accordance with the present in`l vention;

Fig.y 2, a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and, Fig. 3, a section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1. Referring to the drawings, a well casing or cylinder ID is provided having a lower threaded end II to which a cap or retainer I2` is' attached, the cap having a flange orvlip I3 providing a vstop `for a plunger, later to be described'. The` upper` end ofthe cylinder I4 is threaded to receive a well pipe coupling I5 'to which additional .well v `sections maybe attached or the well housing.

The wellcy'linder is provided 'with 'a plurality of circumferehtially spaced' ports or apertures I6 which arenormally positioned in the well'l below I the water level in order thatthe water may enter f the casing.l

A plungerorrpump member I1 of substantially cylindrical form is positioned within -the well cylinder, the clearance between the plunger-and the cylinder being small, or on the order of. a machine t` to prevent the passage, of Waterbetween the members. Although other 'materials maybe used the plunger-is preferably made of brass in, order to 'reduce the friction between it andthe casing and" in order that'any wear between the two will be absorbed lprimarily by' the Vplunger.

, The plunger has "a central portion :or waist |18 of slightly smaller` diameter than the uppery and lower end portions I9 and 2B, whichl is adapted to receive a pocketl or slug of liquid in order to improve the seal between theout'si'de of' the plunger and the wall of the casing. The'upper ,end I9 of the plunger is provided with meansfor engaging a rod or the like and comprises a tapped recess 2'I adapted to receive the threaded of a plunger or pump rod 23.

The plunger has an off center longitudinal bore 24 providing communication between the ends of the plunger and a one-way ball check valve '2 5, which includes a retaining spring member. 26

:or the like, and is positioned near the upper-exa tremity of the plunger. f Y

Positioned above the plunger I7: is a valve; seat member 30 which issubstantially cylindrical and is wedged or lotherwise tightly receivedk in the upper portion of the well cylinder to provide. a fluid tight joint. The valve seat member has a central bore 3| for the plunger' rod 23 which is kadapted to reciprocate in the bore of thevalve seat member. The bore 3I is substantially cylindrical but'includes spaced grooves 32 which eX- ytend the length of the bore and provide ports or communicating channels around the plunger rod longitudinally of thebore. t z

The` upper end portion of the valve yseat member has a tapered or conical depression 33 providing a valve seat. A plurality of radially spaced end4 22 mal level of the water in the well.

`rod 23 Whose lower end is engaged with the bores 34 in the valve seat member extend longitudinally through the valve from its lower end to adjacent the valve seat 33 at which they are curved or directed at substantially right angles to the valve seat. These bores provide communication for the fluid within the cylinder below the valve seat member to the valve seat.

A valve member 35 is provided for the valve seat and `has a'lower conical end 36 which is adapted to be snugly received by the valve seat 33. The valve member is also provided with a bore 31 which is of a dimension to position the valve member and permit it to slide on theplunger rod. The upper end 38 of the valve member is preferably of a tapered conguration similar to that of the lower end in order that the other end of the valve may be used whenfthe first becomes unreasonably worn. Because of the tapered configuration of the-valve member and the valve seat, the fit between the two will tend to remain tight even though reasonable wear takes place.

In the operation of the device the cylinder is f attached to the well housing or to other well sections so that the inlet ports I6 are below the nor- The plunger plunger Il is reciprocated by suitable means such 'pas a motor,vhandpump linkage, or the like. With the plunger in its lowermost position` in which the face of the lower end 20 is prevented from y .dropping out of the casing by the flanges I3 of the cap I2, water may enter the space between '.the plunger and the valve seat member 30.

ythe ldownward flow of water through the bore 24 `the water in the space .between the plunger 'and the valve seat member is forced upwardly through wthejbores 34 and the channels 32 in the valve seat member and moves the valve member 35 upwardly and 01T the seat 33, permitting the water to be raised in the well pipe coupling I5 abovethe valve.

After the plunger I'I has reached the extreme of its upward movement it reverses direction and 4 begins to move downwardly. The water beneath the plunger then tends to move upwardly through its bore 24 and lifts the check valve 2501i its seat to permit the Water to enter the space between ing the valve to`close and prevent now of waterdownwardly therethrough. When the plunger reaches its lowest extreme of movement the space `between it and the valve seat member is lled with water ready to be raised on the next upward stroke of the plunger. V

It: will ber apparent that the present invention includes a well cylinder pump construction having l a closely -iitting reciprocable valve plunger mem- ;ber adapted to alternately forcewater upwardly through a valve member, and in which no flexible parts such as leather or rubber cup members are l provided which may pick up foreign matter and reduce the eiciency of the device.

What is claimed is:

l. A well cylinder comprising a well casing having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures adapted to be positioned below the Water level in a well; a plunger snugly received by the casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the plunger having a portion of smaller diameter near its central portionandadaptedto receive iluid` toseal the plungerfro'm thepassage of iluid longitudinally thereof between it and the casing, the plunger having an off center bore extending between its ends and a one-way valve positioned in the upper portion of the bore and adapted to permit fluid to flow upwardly through the plunger only; a plunger rod engaged with the plunger and extending upwardly in the well casing; a valve'sea't member fixed in the casing above the plungerk and having a central Vbore to slidably receive the plunger rod, the bore having a plurality of longitudinal grooves providing communication around the plunger rod longitudinally of the'bore from beneath the valve seat memberto 'its upper portion, the upper portion of the valve seat member having a conical depression form'- ing a valve seat, and a plurality of radially spaced bores extending longitudinally throughthe valve seat member providing communicatingfchan" ls from beneath the valve seat member tothe seat; anda valve member having a conica; rnd adapted to be received on the valve seat and to cover the'ends of the grooves, ofv the-valve seat member bore'and the ends of the radially spaced bores communicating with fthe valve seat, 'the valve member having an axial bore for receiving the plunger rod,` whereby liquidjmay be received in the casing through its circumferentiallyspaced `apertures in the space between the plunger -and the valve seat member and raised by means of the plungerthrough the valveseat membenthe valve `member lbeing raised 01T its seat'bythe v pressure ofr the water through the boresa-nd grooves of the valve seat member, and whereby lowering of theplunger 'pern'iitsA the valve-member to seat and prevent` the passage of water downwardly through the valve seat member and whereby thevalve in the upper portion ofthe plunger on its downward'movementpermits water to pass upwardly throughthe plunger andY into the space between it and the valve-seat member.

2. A well cylinder compris-luga well casing having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures adapted to be positioned below the water f level in a well; a plunger snuglyrece'ived by the ,It win be obvio-us to those Skiued'in'the art that v various changes may be made inthe invention' lwithout departing from the spirit and scope thereofv and therefore the invention is not limited by that which is vshown in the ldrawings and :described inthe yspecification but only as indicated in theA appended claims.

casing and adapted' to reciprocate thereinj'the plunger having a bore extending betweenfit's ends and a valve positioned in the upper portion of the bore and adapted to permit iluid to flow upward'- ly through the plunger only; a plunger Arod engaged with the plunger and extending upwardly tion of the valve seat member having a tapered depression forming a valve seat, and a plurality ofrradially spaced bores extending longitudinally through the valve seatmember providing oommunicating channels from beneath the valve seat member to the valve seat; and -afvalve member having a tapered end adapted to be received on the valve seat and to cover the ends of the grooves of the valve seat member bore and the ends of the radially spaced bores communicating with the valve seat, the valvemember having an axial bore for receiving the plunger rod, whereby liquid may be received in the casing through its circumferentially spaced apertures in the space between the plunger and the valve seat member and raised by means of the plunger through the valve seat member, the valve member being raised oi its seat by the pressure of the water through the bores and grooves of the valve seat member, and whereby lowering of the plunger permits the valve member to seat and prevent the passage of water downwardly through the valve seat member and whereby the valve in the upper portion of the plunger on its downward movement permits water to pass upwardly through the plunger and into the space between it and the valve seat member.

3. A well cylinder comprising a well casing having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures adapted to be positioned below the water level in a well; va plunger snugly received by the casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the plunger having a bore extending between its ends and a valve positioned in the upper portion of the bore and adapted to permit fluid to ow upwardly through the plunger only; a plunger rod engaged with the plunger and extending upwardly in the well casing; a valve seat member ilxed in the casing above the plunger and having a central bore to slidably receive the plunger rod, the upper portion of the valve seat member having a tapered depression forming a valve seat, and a plurality of radially spaced bores extending longitudinally through the valve seat member providing communicating channels from beneath the valve seat member to the valve seat; and a valve member having a tapered end adapted to be received on the `valve seat and'to cover `the ends of the radially spaced bores communicating with the valve seat, the valve member having an axial bore for receiving the plunger rod, whereby liquid may be received in the casing through its circumferentially spaced apertures in the space between the plunger and the valve seat member and raised by means of the plunger through the valve seat member, the valve member being raised oli its seat by the pressure of the water through the bores of the valve seat member, and whereby lowering of the plunger permits the valve member to seat and prevent the passage of water downwardly through the valvev seat member and whereby the valve in the upper portion of the plungerv on its downward movement permits water to pass upwardly through the plunger and into the space between it and the valve seat member.

4. A well cylinder comprisingy la well casing having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apertures adapted to be positioned below the water level in a well; a plunger snuglyvreceived by the casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the plunger having a, bore extending between its ends and a valve positioned in the upper portion of the bore and adapted to permit fluid to flow upwardly through the plunger only; a plunger rod engaged with the plunger and extending upwardly in the well casing; a valve seat member fixed in the casing above the plunger and having a central bore to slidably receive the plunger rod, the upper portionof the valve seat member having a tapered depression forming a valve seat, and a plurality of bores extending through the valve seat member providing communicating channels from beneath the valve seat member to the valve seat; and a valve member having a tapered end adapted to be received on the valve seat and to cover the ends of the radially spaced bores communicating with the valve seat, the valve member having an axial bore for receiving the plunger rod, whereby liquid may be received in the casing through its circumferentially spaced apertures in the space between the plunger and the valve seat member and raised by means of the plunger through the valve seat member, the valve member being raised off its seat by the pressure of the water through the bores of the valve seat member, and whereby lowering of the plunger permits the valve member to seat and prevent the passage of water downwardly through the valve seat member and whereby the valve in the upper portion of the plunger on its downward movement permits water to pass upwardly through the plunger and into the space between it and thevalve seat member.

5. A well cylinder comprising a well casing having one or more apertures adapted to be positioned below the water level in a well; a plunger snugly received by the casing' and adapted to reciprocate therein, the plunger having a valved bore permitting flow upwardly through the plunger only; a pump rod attached to the plunger for reciprocating the rod and plunger; a valve seat member in the casing above the plunger and having a iirst bore to slidably receive the plunger rod, the valve seat member having a. valve seat' at its upper end, and a plurality of second bores providing communicating channels from beneath the valve seat member to the valve seat; and a single valve member for the valve seat and adapted to cover all of the second bores extending to the valve seat when seated, the valve'member having a bore for slidably receiving the pump rod.

y HOMER B. FUQUA.

ROY H. COVERT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of Vthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain of 1878 

